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Science & Tech.
Mahesh

01/10/24 10:04 AM IST

Annular solar eclipse

In News
  • An annular solar eclipse will be visible in parts of South America, while a partial solar eclipse will be visible in parts of South America, Antarctica, North America, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii. 
Solar Eclipse
  • A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the middle of the Earth and the Sun.
  • The Moon blocks the light of the Sun, either fully or partially, which casts a huge shadow on some parts of the world.
  • There are four different types of solar eclipses, including total solar eclipse, annular solar eclipse, partial solar eclipse, and hybrid solar eclipse.
  • When the Moon blocks the Sun entirely, the areas in the centre of the Moon’s shadow at the time witness a total solar eclipse.
  • The sky darkens and people who are in the path of a total solar eclipse can get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona — the outer atmosphere — which is usually not visible due to the bright face of the Sun.
  • When the Moon passes in front of the Sun but is at or near the farthest point from Earth, an annular solar eclipse occurs.
  • In this scenario, the Moon covers the Sun in such a way that only the periphery of the Sun remains visible — looking like a ring of fire.
  • A partial solar eclipse takes place when the Moon blocks just a part of the Sun, giving it a crescent shape.
  • During both partial and annular eclipses, the regions outside the area covered by the Moon’s umbra — the middle and the darkest part of the lunar shadow — will see a partial solar eclipse.
  • Partial solar eclipse is the most common type of solar eclipse.
  • A hybrid solar eclipse — the rarest type of solar eclipse — is witnessed when an eclipse shifts between annular and total as the shadow of the Moon moves across the globe.
  • In this case, some parts of the world see a total solar eclipse, while others observe an annular solar eclipse.
Occurrence of Solar Eclipse
  • A solar eclipse is witnessed only during the new moon — when the Moon and Sun are aligned on the same side of Earth.
  • A new moon occurs about 29.5 days because that is how long it takes the Moon to orbit Earth.
  • This, however, does not mean that a solar eclipse happens every month. It takes place only between two to five times annually.
  • It is because the Moon does not orbit Earth in the same plane as the Earth orbits the Sun. In fact, the Moon is tilted by about five degrees with respect to Earth.
  • As a result, most of the time when the Moon is in between the Sun and Earth, its shadow is either too high or too low to fall on the Earth.
Source- Indian Express

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