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Mahesh

26/04/23 13:40 PM IST

AP to host second whole genome sequencing lab

In News
  • Andhra Pradesh will have one more whole genome sequencing lab, in Guntur, with a capacity to test 192 samples per week.
Genome Sequencing
  • A genome is a complete set of genetic instructions which are present in an organism in its DNA. Sequencing is the sequence of occurrences of the four nucleotide bases i.e., adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
  • The human genome is made up of over 3 billion of these genetic letters. The whole genome can't be sequenced all at once because available methods of DNA sequencing can only handle short stretches of DNA at a time.
  • While human genomes are made of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid), a virus genome can be made of either DNA or RNA (Ribonucleic acid). Coronavirus is made of RNA. Every organism has a unique genome sequence.
  • Genome sequencing is a technique that reads and interprets genetic information found within DNA or RNA.
IndiGen Genome project
  • The IndiGen initiative was undertaken by CSIR in April 2019, which was implemented by the CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi and CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad.
  • The objective is to enable genetic epidemiology and develop public health technologies applications using population genome data.
  • This has enabled benchmarking the scalability of genome sequencing and computational analysis at population scale in a defined timeline.
  • The ability to decode the genetic blueprint of humans through whole genome sequencing will be a major driver for biomedical science.
Significance
  • Genomic information has been instrumental in identifying inherited disorders, characterizing the mutations that drive cancer progression, and tracking disease outbreaks.
  • It is beneficial for sequencing agriculturally important livestock, plants, or disease-related microbes.
Source- The Hindu

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