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Mahesh

08/02/23 08:47 AM IST

Earthquake in Turkey

In News
  • Three earthquakes measuring — 7.8, 7.6, and 6.0 — magnitude has devastated Turkey and Syria, while impacting regions as far away as Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, and Egypt.
Why Turkey prone to earthquake ?
  • In the region of Turkey, Syria, and Jordan, tectonics are dominated by complex interactions between the African, Arabian, and Eurasian tectonic plates, and the Anatolian tectonic block.
  • Red Sea Rift, the spreading centre between the African and Arabian plates;
  • Dead Sea Transform, a major strike-slip fault that also accommodates Africa-Arabia relative motions;
  • North Anatolia Fault, a right-lateral strike-slip structure in northern Turkey accommodating much of the translational motion of the Anatolia block westwards with respect to Eurasia and Africa;
Earthquakes
  • An earthquake is a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves.
  • The focus, also known as the hypocentre, is the point within the Earth where an earthquake originates.
  • The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus or source of an earthquake.
  • Smaller earthquakes that occur after a larger earthquake, as the Earth adjusts to the sudden movement.
  • The waves of energy that travel through the Earth’s crust and cause ground shaking during an earthquake.
Causes -
  • The movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates can cause earthquakes when the plates interact along plate boundaries.
  • Earthquakes can occur when magma moves beneath a volcano, causing the ground to shake.
  • Human activities, such as the injection of fluid into the ground for waste disposal, or the extraction of oil and gas from underground reservoirs, can induce earthquakes.
  • The filling or emptying of large reservoirs, such as lakes or dams, can cause earthquakes as the weight of the water changes and affects the Earth’s crust.
Source- The Hindu

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