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Ecology & Environment
Mahesh

03/12/22 07:00 AM IST

Nagaland celebrates 60th statehood day

In News 
  • Recently, Nagaland has celebrated its 60th Statehood Day on December 1st 2022.
About Nagaland 
  • Nagaland statehood day also marks the beginning of Hornbill festival in Nagaland.
  • Nagaland was formally recognised as a separate state on 1st December, 1963, with Kohima being declared as its capital.
  • The State of Nagaland Act, 1962, was enacted by the Parliament to give Nagaland statehood.
Historical Background
  • After India became independent in 1947, the Naga territory initially remained a part of Assam. However, a strong nationalist movement began seeking a political union of the Naga tribes, and extremists demanded outright secession from the Indian union.
  • In 1957, the Naga Hills region of Assam and the Tuensang frontier division to the northeast were brought together under a single unit directly administered by the Indian government.
  • In 1960 it was resolved that Nagaland should become a constituent state of the Indian union. Nagaland achieved statehood in 1963, and a democratically elected government took office in 1964.
Geography
  • It is bounded by the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh to the northeast, Manipur to the south, and Assam to the west and northwest and the country of Myanmar (Burma) to the east. The state capital is Kohima, located in the southern part of Nagaland.
  • Nagaland has a Monsoonal (wet-dry) Climate. Annual rainfall averages between 70 and 100 inches and is concentrated in the months of the southwest monsoon (May to September).
Protected Areas in Nagaland
  • Intanki National Park
  • Singphan Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary
Major Festival
  • The Hornbill Festival is a celebration held every year from 1st to 10th December, in Nagaland.
  • This festival is named after the bird – Hornbill which is the most revered and admired bird for the Nagas.
  • The significance of the festival lies in the fact that it is not an ancient festival, and it was started in the year 2000 to popularise Nagaland among the tourists.
Hornbill 
  • The hornbills (Family Bucerotidae) are a family of birds found in tropical and subtropical Africa and Asia.
  • India is home to nine species of hornbills.
  • The northeastern region has the highest diversity of hornbill species within India.
  • They are the cultural symbols of some ethnic communities in the northeast, specifically the Nyishi of Arunachal Pradesh.
Source- AIR 

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