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Mahesh

18/09/22 06:41 AM IST

World Ozone Day 2022

In News 
  • September 16 is celebrated as national ozone day.
Montreal Protocol
  • Under the Vienna Convention (1985), Montreal Protocol (1987) was set up with the aim to cut down 99% of all ozone-depleting substances (ODS) by active collaboration between Governments, Scientists and Industry.
  • It remains the only treaty to be ratified by all 198 UN Member States. It achieved universal ratification on September 16, 2009. Hence, September 16 is now commonly known as World Ozone Day.
  • After Montreal Protocol, ODS Choloflourocarbon (CFCs) was replaced with Hydroflorurcarbons (HFCs).
  • Even though HFCs don’t harm ozone but are extremely potent to cause global warming and therefore under the Kigali amendment (2016), HFCs were replaced as well. India ratified the Kigali amendment in 2021.
About Ozone 
  • Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive gas composed of three oxygen atoms. It is both a natural and a man-made product that occurs in the Earth’s upper atmosphere. (the stratosphere) and lower atmosphere (the troposphere).
  • It is a mere 3mm shield in the stratosphere
  • While the entire UV-C and some of UV-B are absorbed by the ozone layer and the atmosphere, UV-A makes its way to our planet.
  • Humans require UV-B to generate Vitamin D but an excess of these radiations can cause serious illness and also result in a reduced crop yield.
Source- Financial Express 

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