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Mahesh

17/11/22 14:18 PM IST

World’s Population Touches 8 Billion

In News 
  • According to the United Nations Population Fund (UNPFA), the human population across the globe touched 8 billion.
  • As of 2022, more than half the world’s population lives in Asia, China and India being the two most populous countries with more than 1.4 billion people each.
Major Findings 
  • According to UN, it took the global population 12 years to grow from 7 billion to 8 billion, it will take approximately 15 years until 2037, for it to reach 9 billion.
  • The UN population report said the global population is growing at its slowest rate since 1950, having fallen under 1% in 2020.
  • The world’s population could grow to around 8.5 billion in 2030 and 9.7 billion in 2050.
  • It is projected to reach a peak of around 10.4 billion people during the 2080s and to remain at that level until 2100.
  • According to the UN, 60% of the global population lives in a region where the fertility rate is below replacement level.
  • More than half of the projected increase in the global population up to 2050 will be concentrated in eight countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and the United Republic of Tanzania.
  • Countries of sub-Saharan Africa are expected to contribute more than half of the increase anticipated through 2050.
Findings about India 
  • According to UN, India’s fertility rate has hit 2.1 births per woman i.e., replacement-level fertility and is further declining.
  • While India’s population growth is stabilising, it is “still growing at 0.7% per year” and is set to surpass China in 2023 as the world’s most populous country.
  • According to UN, China's population is no longer growing and may start declining as early as 2023.
  • The World Population Prospects 2022, put India’s population estimate at 1.412 billion in 2022, compared with China’s 1.426 billion.
  • India is likely to peak at 1.7 billion population in 2048 and then start declining to 1.1 billion at the end of century.
  • According to UNFPA estimates, 68% of India’s population is between 15-64 years old in 2022, while people aged 65 and above comprise 7% of the population.
  • Over 27% of the country’s population is between the age of 15-29.
  • At 253 million, India is also home to the world’s largest adolescent population (10-19 years).
UNFPA 
  • It is a subsidiary organ of the UN General Assembly and works as a sexual and reproductive health agency.
  • The UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) establishes its mandate.
  • It was established as a trust fund in 1967 and began operations in 1969.
  • In 1987, it was officially renamed the United Nations Population Fund but the original abbreviation, ‘UNFPA’ for the United Nations Fund for Population Activities was retained.
Source- The Hindu 

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