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Mahesh

17/01/23 09:10 AM IST

Doppler Weather Radar Network by 2025

In News
  • On the occasion of 148th Foundation Day of India Meteorological Department (IMD), Union government had inaugurated the Doppler radar systems.
Doppler Effect
  • Doppler Effect is the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source.
  • It is named after the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler, who described the phenomenon in 1842.
  • A common example of Doppler shift is the change of pitch heard when a vehicle sounding a horn approaches and recedes from an observer.
  • Compared to the emitted frequency, the received frequency is higher during the approach, identical at the instant of passing by, and lower during the recession.
  • The reason for the Doppler effect is that when the source of the waves is moving towards the observer, each successive wave crest is emitted from a position closer to the observer than the crest of the previous wave.
Doppler Radars in India
  • In India, Doppler radars of varying frequencies — S-band, C-band and X-band— are commonly used by the IMD to track the movement of weather systems and cloud bands, and gauge rainfall over its coverage area of about 500 km.
  • The radars guide meteorologists, particularly in times of extreme weather events like cyclones and associated heavy rainfall.
  • An X-band radar is used to detect thunderstorms and lightning whereas C-band guides in cyclone tracking.
  • With the radar observations, updated every 10 minutes, forecasters can follow the development of weather systems as well as their varying intensities, and accordingly predict weather events and their impact.
  • India’s east coast, which is frequently affected by cyclones formed in the Bay of Bengal, has radars operational at eight locations — Kolkata, Paradip, Gopalpur, Visakhapatnam, Machilipatanam, Sriharikota, Karaikal and Chennai.
Doppler Weather Radar
  • Based on Doppler principle, the radar is designed to improve precision in long-range weather forecasting and surveillance using a parabolic dish antenna and a foam sandwich spherical radome.
  • DWR has the equipment to measure rainfall intensity, wind shear and velocity and locate a storm centre and the direction of a tornado or gust front.
Source- PIB

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