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Ecology & Environment
Mahesh

05/11/24 11:03 AM IST

India’s updated National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

In News
  • India launched the updated National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) 2024-2030, at the COP 16 to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). 
Major highlights of NBSAP
  • India has updated the NBSAP to align with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF) establishing the National Biodiversity Targets (NBTs).
  • It outlines 23 National Biodiversity Targets focused on reducing threats to biodiversity, ensuring sustainable use of resources, and enhancing tools for implementation.
  • Each target is linked to specific strategies aimed at promoting ecosystem resilience, species recovery, and sustainable management practices.
  • The MoEFCC serves as the central agency responsible for coordinating biodiversity conservation efforts across India. 
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)
  • GBF was adopted by the COP15 to the Convention on Biological Diversity in 2022
  • It has been promoted as a “Paris Agreement for Nature”.
  • The GBF contains 4 global goals and 23 targets.
  • Among the twenty-three targets to be achieved by 2030 include halving the introduction of invasive species, and $500 billion/year reduction in harmful subsidies.
  • “Target 3” is especially referred to as the “30X30” target.
    ’30X30′ target
  • Under it, delegates committed to protecting 30% of land and 30% of coastal and marine areas by 2030, fulfilling the deal’s highest-profile goal, known as 30-by-30.
  • The deal also aspires to restore 30% of degraded lands and waters throughout the decade, up from an earlier aim of 20%.
  • Also, the world will strive to prevent destroying intact landscapes and areas with a lot of species, bringing those losses “close to zero by 2030”.
Major Outcomes of Cop 16
  • Cali Fund: It is a multilateral mechanism, including a global fund, to share the benefits from uses of digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources more fairly and equitably.
  • It will be non-binding (voluntary) where firms are expected to contribute 1% of their profit or 0.1% of their revenue.
  • Indigenous People and Local Communities: A new Programme that sets out specific tasks to ensure the meaningful contribution of indigenous peoples and local communities towards the three objectives of the Convention was adopted.
  • Synthetic biology: An expert group will guide identification of synthetic biology’s potential benefits and review the potential impacts of recent technological developments.
  • Invasive Alien Species: It proposes guidelines for managing invasive alien species, touching on issues such as e-commerce, multicriteria analysis methodologies and others.
  • Biodiversity and Health: A Global Action Plan on Biodiversity and Health designed to help curb the emergence of zoonotic diseases, and prevent non-communicable diseases, it embraces a holistic “One Health” approach.
Source- PIB

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